Zentral-Vanuatu-Sprachen
Lenguas Éfaté-Shepherd
Langues du Centre du Vanuatu
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Central Vanuatu languages
Today, Central Vanuatu languages is a topic of great relevance and interest in today's society. From its multiple perspectives, Central Vanuatu languages has managed to capture the attention of academics, specialists, and the general public. Its influence ranges from everyday aspects to issues of great global importance. In this article, we will delve into the world of Central Vanuatu languages, exploring its different facets, analyzing its impact in various contexts and reflecting on its relevance today. Join us on this journey of discovery and understanding about Central Vanuatu languages.
| Central Vanuatu | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Vanuatu |
| Linguistic classification | Austronesian
|
| Glottolog | cent2269 |
The Central Vanuatu languages form a linkage of Southern Oceanic languages spoken in central Vanuatu.
Languages
Clark (2009)
Clark (2009) provides the following classification of the Central Vanuatu languages, divided into geographic areas. Outlier (aberrant) languages identified by Clark (2009) are in italics. Clark's Central Vanuatu branch is wider in scope,[clarification needed] including not only the Shepherd–Efate languages, but also the Malakula and Ambrym–Paama–Epi languages.
- Central Vanuatu
- Malakula languages
- Ambrym–Paama–Epi area
- Shepherd–Efate area
François et al. (2015)
The following list of 19 Central Vanuatu languages (excluding the Malakula languages) is from François et al. (2015:18–21).
| No. | Language | Other names | Speakers | ISO 639-3 | Region |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 107 | North Ambrym | 5250 | mmg | Ambrym | |
| 108 | Orkon | Fanbak | 30 | fnb | Ambrym |
| 109 | Southeast Ambrym | 3700 | tvk | Ambrym | |
| 110 | Daakie | Port Vato | 1300 | ptv | Ambrym |
| 111 | Daakaka | South Ambrym, Baiap | 1200 | bpa | Ambrym |
| 112 | Dalkalaen | 1000 | Ambrym | ||
| 113 | Raljago | West Ambrym, Lonwolwol | <10 | crc | Ambrym |
| 114 | Paama | Paamese | 6000 | paa | Paama |
| 115 | Lamen | Lamenu, Varmali | 850 | lmu | Epi, Lamen |
| 116 | Lewo | Varsu | 2200 | lww | Epi |
| 117 | Bierebo | Bonkovia-Yevali | 900 | bnk | Epi |
| 118 | Baki | Burumba, Paki | 350 | bki | Epi |
| 119 | Mkir | Maii | 180 | mmm | Epi |
| 120 | Bieria | Bieri, Vovo, Wowo | 25 | brj | Epi |
| 121 | Namakura | Makura, Namakir | 3750 | nmk | Efate, Shepherd Islands (Tongoa, Tongariki) |
| 123 | Nakanamanga | 9500 | llp | Efate, Shepherd Islands (Nguna, Tongoa) | |
| 124 | Lelepa | Havannah Harbour | 400 | lpa | Efate, Lelepa |
| 125 | Eton | 500 | etn | Efate | |
| 126 | South Efate | Erakor | 6000 | erk | Efate |
Additionally, the extinct Sowa language was formerly spoken in central Vanuatu.
References
- ^ Clark, Ross (2009). Leo Tuai: A comparative lexical study of North and Central Vanuatu languages. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
- François, Alexandre; Franjieh, Michael; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Schnell, Stefan (2015), "The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu" (PDF), in François, Alexandre; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Franjieh, Michael; Schnell, Stefan (eds.), The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity, Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, Canberra: Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access, pp. 1–21, ISBN 9781922185235.